Slovo úvodem

prim. MUDr. Jana Katolická, Ph.D.

Onkologie. 2018:12(5):211  

Advances in nonsurgical treatment of locally advanced and high-risk prostate cancer

Renata Soumarová, Tomáš Blažek

Onkologie. 2018:12(5):214-216 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2018.039  

High-risk and locally advanced prostate cancers constitute a relatively heterogeneous group of diseases with varying prognosis.Multimodal therapy is more effective than monotherapy. A combination of radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy is thegold standard. Dose-escalated radiotherapy using the technique of intensity-modulated radiotherapy and that of image-guidedradiotherapy is recommended. In recent years, new data supporting radiation dose escalation using a combination of externalradiotherapy and brachytherapy have become available. Research is also focused on adding chemotherapy or novel antiandrogendrugs to standard androgen deprivation...

Have we found an optimal sequence in the treatment of metastatic castrationally-resistant prostate cancer?

Tomáš Svoboda

Onkologie. 2018:12(5):217-223 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2018.040  

Growing incidency of prostate cancer introduce a very important socioeconomic problem. Some patient proportion will developdinase progression or relace and it´s androgen deprivation treatment successively fail while the tumor pass into castrationresistent phase. At present, two main and basic treatment methods can be used in this situation – paliative chemotherapy bydocetaxel or cabazitaxel and modern androgen receptor targeted agents treatment (ARTA) in the form of abirateron acetate(AA) or enzalutamide. Targeted alpha therapy, i.e. radium-223, can be sequenced if chemotherapy or ARTA treatment can not beused for some reason. The current indication...

Is age the limitation of metastatic treatment prostate cancer?

Jana Katolická

Onkologie. 2018:12(5):224-230 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2018.041  

The median age of men with prostate cancer is 67,5 years. We have evidence-based information about elderly with metastaticprostate cancer in clinical trials. The age alone in not a contraindication for ARTA therapy (abiraterone acetate + prednisone,enzalutamide) and chemotherapy (docxetaxel,cabazitaxel). The radium-223 is a therapeutic options for bone metastases. The allpossible interactions of treatment should be monitored.

Antiangiogenic therapy of lung cancer

Leona Koubková

Onkologie. 2018:12(5):231-234 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2018.042  

One of the possibilities of anti-tumour treatment is the influence of tumour angiogenesis, triggering activation of thevascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR) receptor, platelet growth factor (PDGFR) and fibroblast growth factor (FGFR).This treatment modality has also found its place in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whichis one of the most unfavourable tumours. First, bevacizumab was approved for treatment with NSCLC in combination withchemotherapy, later in the 2 nd line of treatment with nintedanib and ramucirumab in combination with chemotherapy.Recently, it has also been shown to be effective in combination with...

Assessment of the health status of breast cancer patients for the purposes of benefits and social security services

Miroslav Bosák, Monika Másilková

Onkologie. 2018:12(5):235-239 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2018.043  

The content of this paper is to highlight a significant number of cases of assessment of the health status of breast cancer patientsfor the purposes of benefits and social security services, to recall the possibilities of drawing on selected benefits and servicesand, last but not least, to point out the increase in this disease and its impact on several different areas.

Antiemetic treatment in cancer patients

Petra Holečková, Jana Gregorová

Onkologie. 2018:12(5):242-246 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2018.044  

Nausea and vomiting belong to the most frequent adverse events of oncology treatment and also frequent symptoms accompanyingmalignant diseases, analgetics therapy or psychologic disorders. Often are seen in patients in palliative care. They aresymptoms which decrease qaulity od life, nutritional status and also performance status and can threat run of oncology treatment.Many antiemetics could be currently used. Important posibility of antiemetics is in their prophylactic use. It is necessary to findthe cause of these symptoms.

Management of physical symptoms in patient with glioblastoma multiforme from the nurse perspective

Dominika Kalánková, Daniela Bartoníčková, Katarína Žiaková

Onkologie. 2018:12(5):248-253 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2018.045  

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor, whereby the prognosis in diagnosed patientsis infaust. Nursing care is complex, with emphasis on physical symptoms which are the most annoying for patients. Amongst themost significant symptoms belong to a headache, fatigue, seizures and cognitive impairment. Except for these symptoms, patientsoften experience side effects of very aggressive treatment which have a negative impact on the patient lives through the wholedisease trajectory. Regarding this, the emphasis is placed on the quality of provided nursing care. The overview article aimed todescribe the most significant...