O psychologické podpoře pacientů s viditelnými dermatózami

PhDr. Václav Mertin

Onkologie. 2019:13(3):99  

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapy in CLL

Veronika Válková

Onkologie. 2019:13(3):102-106 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2019.020  

Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is considered to be the only potentially curative treatment for CLL patients. However, this method is burdened with high morbidity and mortality, and long-term survival without evidence of disease can be expected in about one-third of patients. In recent years, new drugs – signaling pathway inhibitors have been introduced that have significantly improved outcomes in CLL patients. Although they probably do not have a curative potential, these drugs can offer long-term disease control with very good quality of life. Another new attractive treatment option is the application of T-lymphocytes with...

Treatment of relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Martin Špaček

Onkologie. 2019:13(3):107-110 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2019.021  

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is common lymphoid malignancy characterized by a heterogeneous clinical course. Only patients with active disease require antileukemic therapy both in first-line and relapsed settings. With the introduction of novel targeted agents, treatment of CLL is currently undergoing a profound change. Frontline treatment may be repeated if the relapse occurs at least 24–36 months after chemoimmunotherapy and if TP53 abberation was excluded. If relapse occurs earlier, therapy should be changed using new compounds like ibrutinib, idelalisib or venetoclax. The two kinase inhibitors ibrutinib and idelalisib inhibit B-cell...

Interventional motion and respiratory programme for hemato-oncological patients

Kateřina Kapounková, Iva Hrnčiříková, Ivan Struhár, Zora Svobodová, Alexandra Malá, Andrea Janíková, Markéta Hadrabová, Martina Šperková

Onkologie. 2019:13(3):111-114 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2019.022  

The main aim of the interventional motion and respiratory programme is increasing fitness in hemato-oncological patients aswell as cessation of their muscle mass loss as a result of their disease and treatment. The motion and respiratory programmefocuses also on improving the quality of the patients´ lives. Hemato-oncological diseases and their treatment bring a range ofside effects that are caused by cardiac, neural, and pulmonary toxicity of the treatment, which has influence upon the decreasingquality of the patients´ lives. There are further frequent symptoms that occur as a result of the treatment such as anaemia,thrombocytopenia,...

Bone metastases: diagnosis and monitoring on imaging methods, interventional radiology

Jan Křístek, Lukáš Pazourek, Zdeněk Řehák

Onkologie. 2019:13(3):115-122 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2019.023  

Skeletal metastases in cancer patients are quite common (in 70 % of cases) and cause significant morbidity. Mostly they are asymptomatic,but if they are not, they are a source of severe complications, pain and compromised quality of life. When metastasisis suspected, the primary imaging modality in long bones and skull is the X-ray imaging. However, in the spine and pelvis, theradiograph is often false negative and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used. If this is not available, then computerized tomography(CT) can be regarded as an option. If dissemination is suspected, scintigraphy, SPECT, or whole-body MR is the method

Diagnosis, surgery and systemic treatment of brain metastases

Tomáš Kazda, Radek Lakomý, Petr Pospíšil, Ludmila Hynková, Jiří Šána, Pavel Fadrus, Radim Jančálek, Robert Bartoš, Renata Belanová, Ondřej Slabý, Pavel Šlampa

Onkologie. 2019:13(3):123-128 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2019.024  

Secondary brain tumors, brain metastases, develop in up to 30–40% of all solid tumor cancer patients, with increasing incidence. The aim of this review is to provide both basic as well as current information on up-to-date treatment options for patients with brain metastases except of radiotherapy, which is discussed in separate, company review. The aim is, in accordance with the focus of the journal, to provide didactical and practical information on the issue of secondary brain tumors with an emphasis on their usefulness in daily clinical practice. With increasing therapeutic options, including surgery and advanced targeted therapy and immunotherapy,...

Diffuse low grade gliomas – how it is to diagnose and treat effectively?

Štefan Reguli, Jakub Cvek, Radim Lipina

Onkologie. 2019:13(3):129-132 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2019.025  

Diffuse low grade gliomas typically affect patients in working-age population. These tumors may pose high risk of growth accompanied with neurological deficit as well as malignant upgrade. Diagnosis and classification of these tumors changed significantly in last decade due to developing mutimodal magnetic resonance imaging and cytogenetic techniques. Genetic profile of tumor cells enables prognostic estimation and sensitivity to oncological therapy. Maximum safe surgical resection as upfront therapy is widely accepted. On the other hand, there are discussions and ongoing studies concerning radiotherapy and chemotherapy in treating algorithm of patients...

Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney

Pavel Navrátil, Lukáš Krbal, Miloš Broďák

Onkologie. 2019:13(3):133-134  

Mixed epithelial and stromal tumors of the kidney are relatively rare benign tumors with female predominance. Imaging methodsshow multiple cystic and solid areas and are not diagnostic. As category Bosniak III or IV are threated surgically. Histopathologicallythey show mesenchymal and epithelial components with characteristic immunohistochemical evidence of estrogen andprogesterone receptors. This article presents a case report with a review of literature.

Needs of the patient with glioblastoma multiforme: a qualitative study

Dominika Kalánková, Daniela Bartoníčková, Miloslava Zlevorová, Katarína Žiaková, Radka Kurucová

Onkologie. 2019:13(3):135-140 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2019.027  

Understanding of the bio-psycho-social and spiritual needs of the patient with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an important aspect for the nurse in providing the quality nursing care that is emphasized due to the short survival time of the patient. The study aimed to identify areas of common needs of the patient with GBM through qualitative research. The method of the semi-structured interview was used. In the study, seven patients with GBM have participated. The results of the research have showed the needs of GBM patients regarding physical symptoms and adverse effects of treatment, the experience of the disease, communication with healthcare professionals...