Je potřebná znalost multikulturní zdravotní péče

doc. PaedDr. et Mgr. Eva Zacharová, Ph.D.

Onkologie. 2013:7(4):163  

Inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer

prof.MUDr.Přemysl Frič, DrSc., prof.MUDr.Miroslav Zavoral, PhD.

Onkologie. 2013:7(4):167-171  

Colorectal cancer (CRC) originates in approximately one per cent of subjects with idiopathic bowel disease (IBD). Nevertheless, it participates on their mortality by 10–20 per cent. IBD-associated CRC appears at an earlier age than sporadic CRC. IBD-associated CRC is accompanied by similar genetic markers as sporadic CRC, but their order and frequency are different. IBD-associated cancer is frequently multifocal and more aggressive, The risk factors include: duration and extent of colitis, beginning of IBD at an early age and ongoing disease at a higher age (above 60 years), endoscopic and histological severity of inflammation, family...

Colorectal cancer classification

Miroslav Zavoral, Gabriela Vojtěchová, Štěpán Suchánek

Onkologie. 2013:7(4):172-175  

Unified and accurate colorectal cancer (CRC) classification is very useful for identification individuals with higher risk of this malignant disease. It is important for optimal primary and secondary CRC prevention settings. The assessment of the macroscopic appearance of colorectal lesions duo to the Paris and Kudo classification makes the histological characteristic prediction easier. The knowledge of histology type, grading and staging of colorectal cancer is the main prerequisite for successful treatment.

Colorectal cancer screening

Štěpán Suchánek, Tomáš Grega, Ondřej Májek, Ladislav Dušek, Miroslav Zavoral

Onkologie. 2013:7(4):176-178  

Colorectal cancer is the second most common malignant disease in developed countries. Given that the process of sporadic cancer carcinogenesis is relatively slow, it is possible to successfully prevent this disease. Czech National Colorectal Cancer Screening Program was launched in 2000 and since that time is in continual development in order to increase the effective coverage of the target population. It is currently available as two-step screening program (stool test for occult blood and colonoscopy) or one-step program (primary screening colonoscopy). Quality of the program is evaluated using performance indicators – namely adenoma...

Surgery treatment of colorectal carcinoma

Miroslav Ryska, Daniel Langer

Onkologie. 2013:7(4):179-182  

High incidence of colorectal carcinoma in Czech Republic and high impact of surgery leads to heavy burden for our surgery department. Whereas surgical treatment of patients with colon carcinoma should be covered by even smaller departments, rectal carcinoma is the diagnosis for the treatment in the complex oncologic centres. The institute of oncosurgery as special education program within last years can improve the effective treatment of these patients significantly. Unambiguous condition for successful treatment of colorectal carcinoma patients is the existence of function multidisciplinary committee.

This review article is dedicated to endoscopic treatment of early colorectal neoplasias

Ondřej Urban

Onkologie. 2013:7(4):183-187  

Indications and techniqes of endoscopic polypectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection are presented here. These methods are suitable for the treament of patiens with precancerous lesions and some types of early cancers.

Systemic anticancer therapy of colorectal cancer

Jiří Tomášek, Jana Halámková

Onkologie. 2013:7(4):188-190  

Systemic and surgical treatment of colorectal cancer are basic modalities in the therapy of early and metastatic colorectal cancer. Targeted therapy improves treatment options for metastatic colorectal cancer.

Use of intravenous vitamin C in an oncological patient

Joseph John Cullen, Martina Kubecová, Martin Majirský, Pavel Kostiuk, Lucie Kotlářová, Zdeněk Procházka, Jiří Slíva

Onkologie. 2013:7(4):196-200  

The possibility of use of vitamin C in oncology emerged about 30 years ago and became topic of expert discussions. Recent discoveries in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ascorbate and laboratory and clinical research demonstrated that vitamin C has dual properties (antioxidant and prooxidant) depending on the dose and on the conditions of the microenvironment in which operates. Based on these new findings, it appears that for antitumour effect high concentrations of ascorbate is needed (mmol/l), which is attainable only by administration of doses of the gram order. Milimolar plazmatic concentration of ascorbate is selectively cytotoxic...

Treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in second and further lines

Milada Zemanová

Onkologie. 2013:7(4):202-207  

In the era of cytokines, the median survival of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) was on average approximately 10 months. Since the year 2005, we have witnessed major progress in the treatment of mRCC. Currently, a total of seven agents for targeted biological therapy for the treatment of mRCC are registered by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). They are antiangiogenic agents targeted at the pathway of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which include tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) of the VEGF receptor, such as sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, and axitinib, as well as a monoclonal antibody against the VEGF...

Patients with colorectal cancer and their subsequent and previous neoplasms

Edvard Geryk, Petr Dítě, Radim Štampach, Teodor Horváth, Jiří Kozel

Onkologie. 2013:7(4):190-196  

Among the total of 99,378 new colorectal cancers (CRCs) in males and 78,977 in females, based on the Czech Cancer Registry in 1976–2005, there were 14,860 (15 %) CRCs in males and 11,142 (14.1 %) in females associated with the other malignant neoplasms (MNs). The primary 6,504 CRCs in males were followed by 7,406 subsequent MNs, the primary 4,342 CRCs in females by 4,798 subsequent MNs. On the contrary before the subsequent 8,356 CRCs in males were registered 10,152 primary MNs, 6,800 CRCs in females 7,829 MNs. The number of multiple CRCs increased from 141 in 1976 to 1,534 in 2005. In 1996–2005 the primary CRCs reached 57 % of...

The complete response rate of liver metastasis in patients with metatstatic colorectal cancer treated

Igor Richter, Josef Dvořák, Zuzana Hanušová, Jiří Bartoš

Onkologie. 2013:7(4):208-210  

with the systemic chemotherapy FOLFOX and cetuximab Only a complete radical surgical resection of the liver metastasis is a chance of the long-term survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The probability of the radical resection could be achieved by the aplication of the systemic treatment. The main of systemic treatment is to achieve the greatest possible overall response rate. The combination of chemotherapy and targeted treatment is a standard now. Our case presents the patient with metastatic colorectal cancer with the complete response in liver metastasis after FOLFOX regimen with cetuximab. The premise of the successfull...