Zvládání stresu v lékařských profesích

MUDr. Karel Nešpor, CSc.

Onkologie. 2014:8(4):147  

Follow-up of patients with pulmonary carcinoid 2002-2013

Ondřej Fischer, Juraj Kultan, Jana Kulísková, Ivona Grygárková, Vítězslav Kolek, Tomáš Tichý

Onkologie. 2014:8(4):150-155  

Carcinoid is a neuroendocrine tumour that can produce endocrine active substances. It represents 1-2 % of pulmonary tumours. Based on histopathological characteristics, it is divided into typical and atypical carcinoid, which also affects the prognosis. {11,18} Typical carcinoid (TC) has a favourable prognosis, is often found incidentally, and the five-year survival rate is over 90 %. Atypical carcinoid (AC) exhibits a more aggressive behaviour, more frequent metastasizing, and a lower five-year survival rate (40-60 %). {5,11} We followed up a group of 52 patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of carcinoid who were treated at our...

Occurrence of EGFR gene mutations in patients with NSCLC in the Czech Republic

Ondřej Fiala, Monika Šatánková, Juraj Kultan, Miloš Pešek, Jana Skřičková, Vítězslav Kolek, Jindřich Fínek, Zuzana Zbožínková, Zbyněk Bortlíček

Onkologie. 2014:8(4):156-159  

Introduction: Low-molecular-weight tyrosine kinase inhibitors for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are modern, effective agents used to treat patients with advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Activating EGFR gene mutations predict a good effect of treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The goal of this study was to map the occurrence of EGFR gene mutations in patients with NSCLC in the Czech Republic. Methods: A total of 486 patients with advanced stage of NSCLC (stage IIIB and IV) of nonsquamous histological type were investigated for the presence of EGFR gene mutations at three pneumo-oncology centres. A comparison...

Immunotherapy in lung cancer

Leona Koubková

Onkologie. 2014:8(4):160-162  

In recent years, immunotherapy has proved to be a promising therapeutic modality in bronchogenic carcinoma as well. Of particular interest is the blockade of immune checkpoints, which inhibit physiological immune mechanisms, and antigen-specific immunotherapy with vaccines. Treatment with the blockade of immune checkpoints involves monoclonal antibodies blocking CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen) and antibodies blocking the PD1 receptor (programmed cell death membrane protein) and its ligand PD-L1.

Colorectal cancer in the elderly

Lenka Ostřížková

Onkologie. 2014:8(4):163-166  

The population in the Czech Republic is ageing and the life expectancy is extending. The number of patients with colorectal cancer in this age group has been constantly increasing. What are the options for treating colorectal cancer in the elderly?

Invasive fungal disease

Iva Kocmanová

Onkologie. 2014:8(4):167-168  

A increase in the frequency of systemic fungal infection was observed in the last twenty years. These still remain a significant cause of mortality in patients with serious diseases despite improvements in diagnostic tools and treatment.

Using DIEP flap to reconstruct breast after ablation for cystosarcoma phyllodes

Tomáš Kempný, Břetislav Lipový, Jana Bartošková, Nora Gregorová, Pavel Brychta

Onkologie. 2014:8(4):169-171  

Cystosarcoma phyllodes is an uncommon type of breast tumour. Both benign and malignant types of this tumour have been described. The majority of studies agree that benign tumours are predominant (approximately 80-85%) and the malignant form only accounts for 15-20%. Of all types of breast cancers, cystosarcoma phyllodes only accounts for about 1%; however, it is the most frequent non-epithelial breast tumour. The case report presents a young woman diagnosed with cystosarcoma phyllodes in whom a DIEP flap was used to reconstruct the breast.

Orofatial metastasis of organ tumors

Štefan Juhász, Richard Pink, Jiří Šimek, Petr Tvrdý

Onkologie. 2014:8(4):172-176  

Distant metastasis of malignant tumors in the facial area are rare. They occur both in the soft tissues of the oral cavity and face and skeletal jaw bones and their diagnosis is not always easy. In planning therapeutic procedures, one must take into account the patient‘s general health, prognosis and degree of cancer generalization. The authors present their own experience in the diagnosis and therapy of three cases of oral cancer metastasis with extraoral primary localisation. The histories are accompanied by a summary of available information on the incidence of metastatic malignant tumors in the orofacial region.

Medication errors from the perspective of health care management

Iva Brabcová, Sylva Bártlová, Valérie Tóthová, Dita Svobodová

Onkologie. 2014:8(4):178-181  

Medication errors belong to most frequently occurring mistakes made in healthcare facilities. This research analyse the causes of medication errors committed in nursing practice. Research results prove that medication errors can be divided into four categories: human causes (overworked personnel, nurse fatigue and patient non-cooperation), intervention causes (unfinished, illegible prescriptions, generic medication errors committed by nurse, wrong storage of medication), technology causes (old or malfunctioning technological equipment) and system causes (lack of internal regulations, unsuitable working conditions, insufficient system of error...

Co nového v léčbě metastatického kolorektálního karcinomu po červnovém Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer (WCGIC) v Barceloně 2014

MUDr. Eva Sedláčková

Onkologie. 2014:8(4):183-184  

ASCO 2014

Dagmar Brančíková, Zdeněk Mechl

Onkologie. 2014:8(4):187-190