Galerie pro onkologické pacienty

Irena Kraftová, autorka projektu

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):243  

Gastrointestinální stromální nádory - slovo úvodem

Petr Dítě

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):248  

Diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Vincent Zoundjiekpon, Ondřej Urban, Martin Rydlo, Dušan Žiak, Přemysl Falt, Eva Kundrátová, Martin Hanousek, Petr Fojtík, Otto Mikolajek

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):249-256  

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) are the most common gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumours, almost always with malignant potential. GIST arise almost always from precursor cells of Cajal, often presenting mutations in the genes KIT or PDGFRA. For a long time were GIST misdiagnosed and mistaken for leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, leiomyoblastoma or schwannoma. Nowadays represent GIST an independant unit of submucosal tumours, and their diagnosis is more and more precise because of the development of immunohistochemistry and the discovery of tyrosine kinase receptors. However it is difficult to estimate exactly their incidence. Clinical feature...

Molecular genetics in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Magdalena Uvírová, Jarmila Šimová, Barbora Kubová, Jana Žmolíková, Irena Urbanovská, Jana Dvořáčková, Arnošt Martínek, Dušan Žiak, Petr Dítě

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):257-258  

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GI) arising from the interstitial cells of Cajal, primarily of the stomach and small intestine. During the past decade came up to progress of molecular targeted therapies for many solid tumors and in association with discovery of onkogenic kinase mutations in GISTs to rapid evolution in understanding of molecular biology features of these tumors and to implementation tyrosine kinase inhibitors in clinical practice. Therefore molecular genotyping of this lesions is very important for prognosis, therapy, primary or secondary resistence to targeted therapy...

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors, morphological and immunohistochemical study. Forceps versus endoscopic

Dušan Žiak, Jana Dvořáčková, Pavel Hurník, Vladimír Židlík, Jarmila Šustíková, Jarmila Šimová, Magdalena Uvírová, Radoslava Tomanová, Martin Kliment, Ondřej Urban5, Vincent Zoundjiekpon, Oldřich Motyka, Petr Dítě

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):259-263  

ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) belong to the most common mesenchymal tumors of digestive tract deriving from Cajal interstitial cells. A panel of immunohistochemical antibodies CD117, desmin, S100 and DOG1 is used to confirm the morphological diagnosis. When evaluating the biological characteristics we used a Miettinen classification for GIST which divides tumors into three groups according to a risk of aggressive behaviour. This classification observes three parameters – tumor localisation, its size and mitotic index. Mitotic index is defined as a number of mitoses in the tumor...

Cardiovascular side effects of antitumour drugs

David Dufek, Tibor Stračina, Marie Nováková

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):264-268  

Cancer represents the second most frequent cause of mortality in the Czech Republic as well as in all other EU member countries. In 2010, there were 82 606 new cases of malignant tumours reported to National oncology registry of the Czech Republic, which means about 4 % increase as compared to 2009. Taking into account that cardiovascular diseases are foremost reason of death in European countries and cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy is well known, there is a need to search for new cardioprotective techniques and improvements of actual anti-tumour protocols. This review focuses on cardiotoxic effects of main groups of cytostatic drugs and on...

Overview of the diagnostics and treatment of the cervical cancer

Josef Chovanec, Monika Náležinská

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):269-274  

Three types of standard treatment of cervical cancer are used: surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy. New types of treatment are being tested in clinical trials.Treatment decisions should be individualized and based on prognostic factors including the stage of the disease, age, medical condition of the patient, histological type and grade of tumor and lymph nodes status.

The possibility of nutritional intervention in cancer treatment

Milana Šachlová

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):275-278  

The article focuses on the nutritional support of the non-surgical cancer patient. International guidelines recommend nutritional intervention with dietary advice and/or oral nutritional suplement during treatment for cancer patients who are malnourished or at nutritional risk. Nutritional interventions increase nutritional intake and improve some aspects of a patient´s quality of life.

Other neoplasms among Czech survivors with bronchopulmonal cancer

Edvard Geryk, Teodor Horváth, Radim Štampach, Petr Kubíček

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):279-286  

The neoplasms following primary lung cancer (LC) and primary neoplasms before LC analyzed a retrospective study in survivors, notified in the National Czech Cancer Registry between 1976 and 2010. A total 16 622 LC in males associated with other neoplasms, presented 10 % of 166 239 newly registered LC in males, of which were 4,395 (2.6 %) primary and 12,227 (7.4 %) subsequent LC; a total 5,322 LC in females, presented 14.1 % of 37,619 newly registered LC in females, of which were 1,022 (2.7 %) primary and 4,300 (11.4 %) subsequent LC. The average interval of occurrence of subsequent neoplasms was 4.1 years in males and 3.9 years in females....

Giant spinal schwannoma of lumbar region. Case report.

Michaela Tomanová, Lenka Lhotská, Edvard Ehler, Pavel Barsa

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):287-290  

After 2-year period of persistent pain of lumbar spine with increasing intensity of lower extremities claudication a vast tumor of L3 vertebra extending to the retroperitoneum was diagnosed in a 61-year old woman. The total L3 vertebrectomy as well as complete tumor removal has been performed and situation was reconstructed and stabilized. Pronounced pain, lower extremities paresis and instability persisted after the surgery. The rehabilitation therapy led to the relief of the pain improvement of standing and gait instability and paresis. The postoperative course is well documented by stabilometry.

Pátý světový kongres Mezinárodní federace onkologie hlavy a krku

Petr Szturz

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):292-293  

Karcinom slinivky břišní je stále opomíjená hrozba mezi solidními nádory

Onkologie. 2014:8(6):294