Komunikace na onkologických pracovištích

doc. PhDr. Věra Linhartová, CSc.

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):293  

Invasive fungal diseases in hematological patients - epidemiology, risk factors, clinical sings and diagnostics

Martina Tošková, Jana Winterová, Iva Kocmanová, Zdeněk Ráčil

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):298-303  

Invasive fungal infections are serious life-threatening complication in immunocompromised patients. They are rare in comparison with bacterial infection but attributable mortality is higher. Last two decades brought significant changes in epidemiology of invasive fungal diseases and the last few years brought much progress in diagnostics and treatment.

Treatment of invasive fungal infections

Jana Diatková, Martina Tošková, Iva Kocmanová, Jiří Mayer, Zdeněk Ráčil

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):304-308  

The frequency of invasive fungal infections has significantly increased with the rise in at-risk populations of patients in the last years. Management of deep fungal infection is difficult and the morbidity and mortality of these infections are very high. New antifungal agents provide the managment options and improve therapeutic outcomes of these infections. This article informs about the role of available antifungal agents in the management of invasive fungal infections and reviews empirical antifungal treatmnet and the treatment of invasive aspergillus and candida infections. Recommendations presented below are based on the resume of the...

Voriconazole and importance of its plasma concentration measurements in the course of antifungal therapy

Jana Diatková, Ludmila Malášková, Iva Kocmanová, Martin Tošková, Jiří Mayer, Zdeněk Ráčil

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):309-312  

Voriconazole is an azol broad spectrum agent used in treatment and prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections. Due to different resorption, different metabolism and frequent drug interactions voriconazole exhibits a wide variability of its plasma concentrations. Some recent studies have shown a possible relationship between voriconzole plasma concentration and the therapeutic outcome of fungal infection and have described possible correlation between voriconazole concentration and drug toxicity, too. This review is focused on importance and usability of voriconazole plasma concentration measurement in routine clinical practice.

Gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms

Oldřich Louthan

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):313-315  

The paper presents recent opinions on gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms. This is a heterogeneus group including three types that distinguish in their biological behaviour, and require different therapeutical approach. Type 1 arises in setting of chronic corporal atrophic gastritis, malignant potential of this type is lower, this type 1 tumour may be treated with endoscopic removal of multiple small tumour lesions. Gastric resection is indicated in larger lesions with infiltrative pattern of growth. Gastrectomy is rarely indicated. Type 2 arises as consequence of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Both above-mentioned type are gastrin-dependent. Type...

Systemic therapy of brain metastases

Radka Obermannová

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):316-318  

Brain metastases are most common in tracranial tumors in adults. They have been reported to occur in approximately 10–20 % patients with solid malignancies. Although modern methods of anticancer therapy brought longer survival for patients with systemic disease, there is no evidence to prolong survival in case of brain metastases. We are summarized published data.

Possibilities of lymph nodes imaging

Radka Šlaisová, Karel Benda, Petr Szturz, Hana Petrášová, Marek Mechl

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):320-322  

Many pathological processes can affect lymph nodes including specific and nonspecific inflammation, further a number of benign reactive changes and primary and secondary tumour processes. Imaging and evaluation of lymph nodes as benign or potentially malignant is particularly important mainly in case of cancer staging and for patients with incidental lymphadenopathy. The work presents an overview of imaging methods used for the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy. We mention modern imaging method of contrast-enhanced ultrasound that requires a microbubble contrast agent for evaluation of nodal perfusion. The method is supplied with pictorial documentation...

18F-FDG PET/CT detection of the multifocal breast cancer in a patient with the positive axillary lymph node breast

Jiří Doležal, Dagmar Kalousová, Igor Sirák, Dana Dvořáková 4

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):323-324  

cancer metastases and negative mammography, ultrasound and breast biopsy Aim: To present a rare case report of the multifocal breast cancer finding on 18F-FDG PET/CT in a 44-year-old woman with the positive right axillary breast metastases and negative mammography, ultrasound and right breast biopsy. Material and Method: The patient underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for the positive right axillary lymph node breast cancer metastases and negative mammography, ultrasound a right breast biopsy. The whole body PET/CT was obtained 60 minutes after intravenous injection of 18F-FDG (377 MBq – 5 MBq/kg). The PET scan acquisition time was 2.5 minutes...

Panitumumab in treating patients with advanced metastatic colorectal cancer

Luboš Holubec, Jindřich Fínek

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):325-326  

Panitumumab is the first fully human anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody exhibiting very promising efficacy in patients with the unmutated (wild) K-ras gene. The therapeutic effect of panitumumab in monotherapy has been presented in crucial phase III trials in which the time to progression was prolonged significantly in patients treated with panitumumab in monotherapy in comparison with those who were resistant to standard chemotherapeutic regimens and were receiving supportive therapy. The case report presents a case of a 70-year-old man with metastatic colorectal cancer in whom long-term partial remission was achieved with panitumumab treatment.

Locally advanced esophageal cancer - multidisciplinar management - personal experience

Milada Zemanová, Pavel Vítek, Martina Vašáková, Aleš Novotný, Eva Maisnerová

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):328-332  

Esophageal cancer is characterized by 90 % mortality. Nevertheless, the part of the patients suffering from locally advanced disease can survive for a long time thanks to the multidisciplinar treatment. This fact can be documenetd by this case report of 40 year old man with squamous cell carcinoma of medial oesophagus intergrowing to respiratory tract, stage T4N1M0. At the start of the treatment Dumon Y stent was introduced into airways to avoid suffocation. Then, the concurrent chemoradiotherapy was used, with the radiation dose of 66Gy/33 fractions/47 days. Chemotherapy using combinationof cisplatin and fluorouracil was administered in the...

Metastatic colorectal cancer treatment: Second National Multidisciplinary Workshop

Zuzana Zafarová

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):333-336  

The treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer has made significant progress in the last ten years, from a uniformly applied surgical and chemotherapeutic management to the introduction of biological therapy to biomarker testing and thus individualization of care. There have also been considerable advances in the resection techniques and a major shift towards modern methods of converting a re-resectable finding of liver metastases to a resectable one. The treatment of a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is no longer only in the hands of an experienced oncologist, but rather is an individualized strategy decided upon and reappraised...

Chemodectoma - characteristic, experience in the treatment

Alžběta Poprachová, Monika Váchalová, Radka Filipčíková, Martin Dobiáš, Zdeňka Blažková, Milada Dušková, Petr Utíkal, Marcela Bezdičková

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):338-340  

Chemodectoma, paraganglioma of glomus caroticum or carotid glomus tumor occurs in the population with an incidence of 1:30 000. The tumor is macroscopically, microscopically and biologically very similar adrenal pheochromocytoma. An important feature of these tumors is their rich vascularization. Among the most blood supply tumors at all. Histologically, alveolar described arrangement of tumor cells, in contrast to pheochromocytoma, sharply demarcated from each other soft tissue with broad stripes capillaries and cells like Schwann cells. The cytoplasm of tumor cells is a major weakly eosinophilic and finely granular. Nuclei of cells may be...

Výzkum a výuka medicíny v Olomouci na nové úrovni

tisková zpráva

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):342  

ESMO - European Society for Medical Oncology, Vídeň 28. září - 2. října 2012

Zdeněk Mechl

Onkologie. 2012:6(6):343-344