Slovo úvodem

prof. MUDr. Tomáš Papajík, CSc.

Onkologie. 2017:11(3)  

Treatment of elderly and comorbid patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Martin Šimkovič, Monika Motyčková, Pavel Vodárek, Lukáš Smolej

Onkologie. 2017:11(3):108-114 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.022  

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) occurs primarily in the elderly. The high prevalence of serious comorbidities, which may have a major impact on the treatment course, is frequent in these patients. Recently, the focus of clinical research in CLL has been shifted on the elderly and comorbid patients. Results of the randomized trials provided us a fundamental improvement of treatment responses and prolonged overall survival. Chemoimmunotherapy combining chlorambucil with an anti-CD20 antibody (obinutuzumab, ofatumumab a rituximab) is current standard approach for 1st line treatment of elderly/comorbid patients. Bendamustin plus rituximab or dose...

Anticancer therapy – related acute myeloid leukemias

Tomáš Szotkowski, Martin Čerňan, Jaromír Hubáček, Milena Holzerová, Tomáš Papajík

Onkologie. 2017:11(3):115-120 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.023  

Advances achieved in anticancer treatment are partly redeemed by adverse events. So called therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia belongs to the most serious ones. Their incidence growth is one of the most rapid among neoplastic disorders nowadays. Causes of developement of these complications are not clearly clarified. Several pathogenetic mechanisms involvement is anticipated. Generally speaking, prognosis of these disorders is very poor, partly due to toxicity of previous antitumour treatment, partly due to adverse biological character of this leukemia group. The therapeutic approach depends on patient`s performance status as well as genetic...

Hodgkin lymphoma in elderly patients

Heidi Móciková, Alice Sýkorová, Jana Marková

Onkologie. 2017:11(3):121-126 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.024  

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a curable cancer in 80 % up to 90 % of younger patients but prognosis in elderly patients over 60 years is considerably worse. Elderly patients represent 10–20 % of all HL cases. Due to the worse performance status and various comorbidities in elderly patients their tolerance of chemotherapy is significantly lower when compared to younger patients. Based on the data from published literature as well as data from the Czech Registry of HL patients this article summarizes recommended treatment, possible toxicity and outcome of elderly patients with HL. Currently new drugs alone or in combination with chemotherapy are...

NonHodgkin lymphomas in elderly patients

Andrea Janíková

Onkologie. 2017:11(3):128-133 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.025  

An aging of population is coupled with an age-associated increase in incidence of NonHodgkin lymphomas (NHL), which will lead to a greater need for management in the elderly (>65 years) as well as very elderly ( >80 years) individuals. Elderly patients represent a subgroup with higher treatment difficulties, because of comorbidities and smaller spectrum of treatment choice. Elderly patients (> 80 years) are only rarely included in the clinical trials. There is considerable improvement in clinical outcome in the NHL management over the last two decades, caused by introduction of monoclonal antibodies and intensive initial therapy. On the...

Malignant melanoma, incidence, risk factor and early diagnosis

Ondřej Kodet, Ivana Krajsová

Onkologie. 2017:11(3):138-143 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.027  

The incidence of primary cutaneous melanoma in the population continues to grow and reached almost quadruple values for the last 40 years. It represents a significant health and also socio-economic problem. Long-term survival of patients with melanoma is significantly dependent on the diagnosis of melanoma in the early stages of the disease, which have better long-term prognosis. Target screening helps to effectively monitor risk population with tendency for the diagnosis of melanoma in prognostically more favorable stages. Education of the population and the availability of basic dermatooncology examination play indispensable role in prevention...

Thymomas and thymic carcinomas

Eva Sedláčková

Onkologie. 2017:11(3):144-147 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.028  

Thymomas and thymic carcinomas are relatively rare tumours, not often seen by medical oncologist. Article deals with epidemiology, diagnosis, classification, therapy and dispensarisation of epitelial thymic tumours based on contemporary ESMO guidelines (1) and own 37 years experience.

Chronic myeloid leukaemia – second line therapy bosutinib: 4-year follow up

Lucia Vráblová, Edgar Faber

Onkologie. 2017:11(3):134-137  

The dual SRC/ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor bosutinib is indicated for the adult patients with Ph-positive chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) resistant/intolerant to prior therapy. The commentary of the study written by Tim Brümmendorf et al. published in the British Journal of Haematology in 2016 is provided. The study is focused on the factors associated with the long-term efficacy and safety of bosutinib given in adults with imatinib resistant or intolarent chronic phase of the disease.

Refractory mantle cell lymphoma in elderly patient – case report

Alice Sýkorová, David Belada

Onkologie. 2017:11(3):149-153 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.029  

Introduction: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) belongs to the mature B cell–lymphoproliferative disorders. It accounts for 6–8 % of adult lymphoma cases in Europe. Diagnosis is based on histological examination of a lymph node or bone marrow. MCL is characterized by the translocation t (11; 14) (q13; q32), which is present in 95 % of cases. The disease may be indolent, but typically presents with an aggressive clinical course. MCL is currently considered an incurable disease (allogeneic stem cell transplantation being the only potentially curative option) and often results in recurrent relapses or disease progression. The prognosis of primary progressive...