Slovo úvodem

MUDr. JUDr. Dušan Klos, Ph.D.

Onkologie. 2017:11(6):280  

Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in gastric cancer

Martin Stašek, Dušan Klos, Radmila Lemstrová, Čestmír Neoral

Onkologie. 2017:11(6):281-285 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.051  

Gastric cancer is a serious disease frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage. A significant tendency to peritoneal disseminationwith a significant negative effect on survival is the idea leading to the effort to affect the peritoneal component of the disease.Radical multimodal therapy including chemotherapy, cytoreductive surgical therapy and hypertermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC) is currently under consideration in several studies. The most common indications include limited peritonealspread, Krukenberg tumor, T3 and T4 tumor stage, diffuse carcinoma with scirrhotic growth, lymph node involvement, lowtumor differentiation, perforated carcinoma...

Early and late complications of cytoreductive surgery and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy

Radmila Lemstrová

Onkologie. 2017:11(6):286-288 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.052  

Cytoreductive surgery and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy have been gaining more popularity in the recent years. Its curativeintent is accompanied by relatively high morbidity rate. There is no unified classification system evaluating toxicity of thistreatment modality. Nevertheless there is more frequent occurrence of certain types of toxicities which differ from the toxicityof the standard digestive surgery. Early recognition of these complications results in better efficacy of the treatment but mostimportantly in better quality of life of the patients undergoing this modality of treatment. The morbidity and mortality rate is alsoinfluenced by...

Significance of systemic chemotherapy and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in primary and secondary peritoneal surface malignancies

Beatrice Mohelníková-Duchoňová, Radmila Lemstrová, Dušan Klos, Jan Hanuliak, Martin Stašek, Čestmír Neoral, Bohuslav Melichar

Onkologie. 2017:11(6):289-292 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.053  

The peritoneum is a specific organ structure that is often affected by metastatic tumour disease and less frequently so by primary peritonealtumours. In terms of treatment options, it is crucial to distinguish solitary peritoneal involvement from end-stage carcinomatosiswherein, in addition to the peritoneum, multiple metastatic foci are found in parenchymal organs. In the case of disseminated disease,peritoneal carcinomatosis is an incurable form of malignancy with a very poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. In the caseof solitary peritoneal involvement, whether it be by a primary peritoneal tumour or by a tumour with another primary origin,...

Osteosarcoma

Tomáš Tomáš, Pavel Janíček, Lukáš Pazourek, Michal Mahdal

Onkologie. 2017:11(6):294-298 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.054  

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumour. This tumour occurs mostly in adolescence and in youngadults. With nowaday therapy standards, the long term survival rate is about 70 % in patients with localized extremity diseaseand about 20–30 % in patients with primary metastatic disease or with axial disease. Diagnostics is settled on imaging methods(X-ray, CT, MRI, PET-CT), clinical findings and biopsy. The main point in local treatment is radical resection of the tumour. Modularendoprosthesis are today used for replacement of resected bone, individual endoprosthesis or allografts are used less. Fourstandard chemotherapeutics...

Multiple myeloma and differential diagnostic of back pain

Lenka Szeligová, Hana Plonková, Tomáš Jelínek, Roman Hájek

Onkologie. 2017:11(6):300-305 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.055  

Multiple myeloma is a malignant hematological disease, falling under the group of monoclonal gamapathies, which are characterizedby the presence of monoclonal immunoglobulin in blood serum and/or in urine. For the diagnosis itself an increasednumber of clonal plasmocytes in bone marrow is needed. Another diagnostic marker is organ damage, also known under theacronym CRAB – hypercalcemia (calcium), renal insufficiency, anemia and bone damage. Myeloma tend to be accompanied byskeletal damage, the so-called myeloma bone disease is prevalent in as many as 80 % of cases. The presence of osteolytic lesions,or even pathological fractures is a typical...

Multidisciplinary approach in patients with an unverified tumour of the chest

Alice Tašková

Onkologie. 2017:11(6):306-308 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.056  

Tumours of the chest form a heterogenous group of diseases. By localization we distinguish tumours of lung parenchyma, pleura,chest wall and mediastinum. The etiology is benign or malignant, they could be congenital or acquired. Care for patients withthoracic tumours with unknown etiology should be always complex and multidisciplinary and involves a number of specialists.They should be considered malignant until proven otherwise and should be investigated further.

Work capacity assessment and social aspects of care in oncologic patients

Miroslav Bosák

Onkologie. 2017:11(6):310-313 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.057  

The paper aims at elucidating the assessment viewpoint and assessment criteria used by the medical assessment service to assessthe state of health of oncologic patients for the purposes of granting benefits and social security services. In order to illustratethe current situation, the paper is supplemented with specific statistical data related to temporary work incapacity, disability, andbenefits collected from the non-insurance system.

ALT free flap hypopharyngeal reconstruction – case report

Tomáš Kempný, Martin Knoz, Jan Paska, Petr Janoušek, Břetislav Lipový

Onkologie. 2017:11(6):315-318 | DOI: 10.36290/xon.2017.058  

Polymorbid 64 - year old patient was hospitalized at the Department of Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Brno. Thepatient was treated for laryngeal neoplasia surgically by laryngectomy and block dissection of cervical lymph nodes, adjuvantradiotherapy with subsequent development of hypopharyngeal fistula. Nutrition of the patient was ensured by percutaneousendoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) and permanent tracheostomy has been drawn. After radical debridement of defect and identificationof vessels – right internal mammary artery and right internal mammary vein the decision was made to reconstruct the defectof the hypopharynx and ventral cervical...