Poslání

JUDr. MUDr. Igor Ulč, Ph.D

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):135  

Ne-hodgkinovy lymfomy - slovo úvodem

MUDr. Tomáš Papajík CSc

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):140  

Epidemiology of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in Czech Republic, Europe and the United States

MUDr. Tomáš Papajík CSc, Marek Trněný, Ingrid Vášová, David Belada, Milada Jankovská, MUDr. Pavel Jindra, Jan Mužík, Tomáš Pavlík, Ladislav Dušek, Karel Indrák

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):141-146  

Non-Hodgkin´s lymphoma (NHL) represents the fifth most common cancer in Western countries. It comprises a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors of the lymphoid tissue with distinctive cell lineage, histopathology, genetic profile, clinical features, and possibly distinct causes. The overall incidence of NHL increased steeply in most developed areas of the world between the 1970s and the mid- 1990s. The increase has been seen for males and females, for all races and age groups of adult peoples. Recent reports suggest that the incidence have slowed in the late 1990s, nevertheless are still increasing by approximately 1–2 % annually. The reasons...

Current principles of diagnostics and treatment of follicular lymphoma

Andrea Janíková, prof. MUDr. Jiří Mayer CSc, Josef Michalka, Ingrid Vášová, Zdeněk Král

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):147-151  

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common of the indolent non-Hodgkin´s lymphomas. Despite remaining an incurable disease, overall survival improvements have been noted in patients with advanced disease. The Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) is a robust prognostic index in this disease, and continues to provide prognostic information in the rituximab era. FLIPI and biological factors, or histological grade can help to identify patients at high risk of early relapse or transformation respectivelly, and distinguish between benefits of early intervention vs. a watch-and-wait policy in asymptomatic advanced disease. Rituximab...

Current therapeutic possibilities in younger adult patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

MUDr. Robert Pytlík

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):153-158  

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) belongs among highly curative malignancies in younger adult patients (18–60 years). Remarkable treatment advance during last ten years represents addition of anti-CD20 antibody rituximab (Mabthera) to standard polychemotherapeutic treatment regimens. Further improvement of prognosis came with the introduction of dose-dense protocols (two week R-CHOP instead of standard three week), and it seems that high treatment intensity right from the beginning is more important than late highdose consolidation. On the other hand, significance of consolidation radiotherapy in DLBCL treatment decreases. According to...

How to treat elderly patients with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma

Vít Procházka, MUDr. Tomáš Papajík CSc, Zuzana Kubová, Marek Trněný, MUDr. Ladislava Kučerová, Miroslav Mysliveček, Karel Indrák

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):158-163  

More than half of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma are older than 60 years at the time of diagnosis. Due to comorbidities, these patients have a lower tolerance of intensive chemotherapy regimens, resulting in poor outcomes, especially in high-risk patients. Those achieving complete remission, however, have the same chance of disease-free survival as the younger population. By adding the monoclonal antibody rituximab to the gold standard CHOP chemotherapy, survival of patients has significantly improved without increasing treatment toxicity. Further improvements in patients’ outlook will not be possible without an emphasis on sufficient...

The current position of positron emission tomography and combined positron emission tomography with computed tomography in initial staging and response assessment in patients with non-Hodgkin´s lymphoma

MUDr. Tomáš Papajík CSc, Miroslav Mysliveček, Magdalena Skopalová, Alaxander Malán, Vladimír Koza, Marek Trněný, Karel Indrák

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):164-169  

2-[fluorin-18] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is a modern imaging modality reliable for the initial diagnosis, staging and for the evaluation of therapeutic response of non-Hodgkin´s lymphoma (NHL). 18F-FDG PET has been demonstrated more sensitive and specific than either 67gallium scintigraphy or computed tomography (CT). However, 18F-FDG PET may not accurately localize pathological lesions. Actually, the integration of PET and CT (PET/CT) provides more precise anatomic localization of the lesions on the 18F-FDG PET scans, thereby increasing specificity of the examination. All major NHL subtypes are usually...

Nutrition support in patients after stem cell transplantation

Miroslav Tomíška

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):170-175  

Stem cell transplantation frequently bears a high risk of nutritional disturbances. The presence of undernutrition before conditioning almost doubles the risk of transplant related mortality. Myeloablative preparation above all leads to severe catabolism and profound depression of immunity. Prefered form of nutrition support during aplasia has been parenteral nutrition containing high amount of amino acids. In myeloablative conditioning this is usually started early after graft infusion. In complications, especially in serious infections or after occurence of graft versus host disease, it is necessary to provide systematic nutrition support with...

The role of chemotherapy in the management of esophageal cancer

Milada Zemanová

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):177-180  

The role of chemotherapy in the management of esophageal cancer is in combined modality treatment of localized disease and in the palliation of metastasizing stages. Benefit of chemotherapy in metastatic disease is less clear in squamous cell cancer than in adenocarcinoma. We treat the patients regardless age if they are in good performance status and have positive attitude to the treatment. The combinations based on cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil are standard of care. Some data support the same chemotherapy regimen in squamous cancer as well as in adenocarcinoma. New phase III trials documented benefit of combinations with docetaxel, oxaliplatin and...

Subsequent primary neoplasms in 125 262 cancer patients in the Czech Republic 1976-2005

Edvard Geryk, Petr Dítě, Miloš Pešek, Jiří Kozel

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):181-189  

During 1976–2005 the Czech Cancer Registry registered 1.486,984 neoplasms dg. C00–D48, of which in 125,262 (8.4 %) cancer patients were diagnosed 165,050 (11.1 %) subsequent neoplasms. There were treated 81.7 % patients of duplicities and 18.3 % of multiplicities. There were higher duplicities in women and on the contrary higher multiplicities in men. The age groups 50–69 years contributed most to 52.4 % primary diseases in men and 47.8 % in women. Their most frequent occurence were in regions Northern and Southern Moravia and Prague. The most frequent of primary diseases were tumors of skin 42.8 %, digestive 11.8 %, urinary 6.8...

Effect of neoadjuvant Herceptin® (trastuzumab) in a patient with breast cancer with high growth activity

Petra Tesařová

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):190-192  

Targeted biological therapy in patients with breast cancer is a highly effective method of treatment. One of the first agents to have provided a breakthrough in the treatment of breast cancer is Herceptin® (trastuzumab). This specific antibody is effective in patients with malignant breast cancer with overexpression of epidermal growth factor HER2. In this HER2-positive type of tumor, trastuzumab specifically blocks the HER2 receptor, which results in tumor growth inhibition or even regression of the tumor. The present paper describes a case of a young patient who received Herceptin® preoperatively in conjunction with chemotherapy.

The possibilities of neuroendoscopy in the complex therapy of craniopharyngioma

prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Novák CSc, MUDr. Jan Chrastina Ph.D, MUDr. Věra Feitová, Eva Lžičařová, Ivo Říha

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):194-197  

Study aim: The paper presents experience with neuroendoscopic surgery of 5 patients with craniopharyngioma and 2 patients with Rathke cleft cyst. Methods: With an exception of one patient (ectopic posterior fossa tumor after multiple surgeries for primary parasellar lesion) the tumor affected structures around the third ventricle. The principles of navigated transventricular neuroendoscopic surgery were cyst fenestration and cyst wall resection, reestablishment of cerebrospinal fluid pathways patency or cerebrospinal fluid flow bypass and solid tumor debulking with utmost attention paid to surrounding structures. Results: The final outcome was...

ICHNO-2nd International Conference on Innovative Approaches in Head and Neck Oncology, Barcelona, 2009

MUDr. Zdeněk Mechl, CSc, Renata Červená

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):199-201  

Autodidaktický test 3/2009

Onkologie. 2009:3(3):202