24. olomoucké hematologické dny

doc. MUDr. Edgar Faber, CSc.

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):143  

Hodgkinův lymfom - slovo úvodem

Jana Marková

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):148  

Examination methods and prognostic factors in Hodgkin lymphoma

Heidi Móciková

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):149-153  

The correct diagnosis, initial evaluation of clinical stage and prognostic factors are basic tools for treatment tailoring in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). The aim is to achieve the best tumor control with minimal adverse effects, especially late effects of therapy. Computed tomography (CT) remains the standard imaging method in initial staging before therapy. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a new method for a more precise initial staging and it is an important tool for evaluation of response early after two cycles of therapy and at the end of first-line treatment. Risk factors in early stages of HL include: massive mediastinal...

Therapy in Hodgkin´s lymphoma

Zdeněk Král

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):154-158  

Treatment strategy in Hodgkin´s lymphoma (HL) is based on randomized trials. In the early favourable stages of HL is a standard combination of two chemotherapy cycles ABVD followed by 20 Gy involved field radiotherapy. In the early unfavourable stages of HL is a standard combination of four chemotherapy cycles followed by 30 Gy involved field radiotherapy (recommendation of German Hodgkin Study Group – GHSG). In the advanced stages of HL the achieved satisfactory results with eight chemotherapy cycles BEACOPP escalated. Highdose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation is the standard treatment for patients with relapsed...

Fertility preservation strategies in Hodgkin´s lymphoma patients

Lenka Šmardová, Martin Huser, Zdeněk Král, Igor Crha

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):159-161  

Oncological therapy often entails a permanent disability, one of the most frequent is infertility based on the irreversible damage to gonads. In the summary article there are summarized the contemporary possibilities of the protection of testicular and ovarian functions in the Hodgkin´s lymphoma patients undergoing the oncological treatment.

The treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in pregnancy

Lenka Šmardová, Martin Huser, Zdeněk Král, Igor Crha

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):162-163  

Lymphoma is the fourth most frequent malignancy diagnosed during pregnancy, occuring in approximately 1:6 000 of deliveries. Its occurence may increase due to the current trend to postpone pregnancy until later in life. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy during the first trimester are associated with increased risk of congenital malformations. In the vast majority of cases, when lymphoma is diagnosed during the first trimester, treatment with a standard chemotherapy regimen, following pregnancy termination should be recommended. In the rare patients at low risk, therapy can be delayed until the end of the first trimester and of embryogenesis while...

Late effects of treatment Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Ľubica Žikavská, Jana Marková

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):164-166  

Progress in the treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is one of the huge successes in modern oncology. According to the stage and presence of risk factors, up to 85–90 % of patients achieve long-term remission with life expectancy of 40 years. New problem to deal with at the moment are the late adverse effects caused by preceeding therapy of HL: cardiotoxicity, secondary neoplasia, lung toxicity, impairement of fertility (azoospermia, amenorhea), impairement of the thyroid function, imunosupression with infectious complications, psychosocial problems. Other complications can occur: impairement of soft tissue (muscles, gastrointestinal...

The current view of adjuvant hormonal treatment of premenopausal patients with breast cancer

Petra Tesařová

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):167-171  

Adjuvant hormonal therapy is a key component of treatment for young patients with estrogen receptor positive breast cancer, ensuring patients a significant improvement in the chances of full health. Its right composition and sequence to other therapeutic modalities (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, biological therapy) ensure maximum efficiency.

The bone pain palliation irradiation in patients with disseminated breast cancer

Jiří Doležal, Milan Vošmik, Jiří Petera, Jaroslav Vižďa

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):172-176  

The aim of this article is to present possibilities of treatment for painful bone metastases in patients with disseminated breast cancer. One possibility of reducing or relieving bone metastases pain is to administer of the radiotherapy at the site of metastases. The current medicine uses two ways of radiotherapy administration at the site of metastases: external-beam irradiation or intravenous administration of boneseeking therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. The purpose of the pain treatment is the pain reduction and improvement of quality of life.

The treatment of recurrent cervical cancer

Josef Chovanec, Zuzana Dostálová, Petr Novák, Helena Kolářová

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):177-180  

The recurrence rate of cervical cancer is between 10–20 % for FIGO stages IB–IIA and 50–70 % for FIGO stages IIB–IVA. When cervical cancer is beyond curative treatment by surgery or radiotherapy, the prognosis is poor. The patiens with recurrent cervical cancer have 1 year – survival rate between 15–20 %. Palliation therapy is the primary objective. Recurrent lesions not amenable to radical local exscision or regional radiation are treated with paliative chemotherapy. Low response and short overall survival are disappointing. The need for novel agents and further research focused on the management of recurrent...

Bevacizumab: current status of malignant tumors treatment

Jiří Tomášek, Štěpán Tuček

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):181-184  

Angiogenesis is a key process in growth and metastatic spread of malignant tumors. Enthusiastic research over past years has produced several therapeutic agents targeting angiogenesis, available in clinical practice. The most advanced in the treatment of solid tumors at present time is bevacizumab, a humanized monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody. It has become a part of standard treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and is settling in the treatment of breast, kidney and lung cancers. To determine the role of bevacizumab in the treatment of other solid malignancies, there are many clinical trials ongoing. The toxicity profile has been well described...

New mechanism of action in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma: m-TOR - a novel target

Hana Študentová, Bohuslav Melichar

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):185-188  

PI3K/Akt/mTOR is a crucial signal transduction pathway taking part in the process of cancerogenesis as well as a target for anticancer therapy. Inhibition of this pathway has become a promising target for cancer research, since alterations at distinct points of this signal transduction pathway have been observed in multiple cancer types. HIF-alpha over-expression, typical for renal cell carcinoma, leads to accumulation of proangiogenic factors and angiogenesis induction. Currently, there are 2 approaches of anticancer management using different mechanisms of action: anti-VEGF (R) therapy, targeting mostly tumour angiogenesis, and mTOR inhibitors...

Treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in adults in 2010

Jaroslava Voglová

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):189-195  

In the past decade the management strategies of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia have been completely changed. Imatinib became the standard front-line therapy in patients with newly diagnosed chronic-phase CML. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation in CML patients is increasingly deferred despite its curative potential. Second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors dasatinib and nilotinib together with the improved molecular monitoring of residual leukemia and the identification of BCR-ABL1 mutations with wide spectrum of sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors make possible the tailoring of CML treatment. Current recommendations for...

Maintenance therapy with rituximab for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma - opportunities in 2010

David Belada

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):196-201  

Rituximab in combination with chemotherapy is considered a standard treatment approach for first line setting in most of non- Hodgkin´s lymphomas. Although most patients can reach complete of partial remission after this treatment, about 30 % of patients with aggressive lymphoma and almost all patients with advanced stage indolent lymphomas inevitably develop a relaps. The maintenance therapy with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab, represents one of the options how to extend disease-free interval in lymphoma patients. The aim of this article is to summarize information about the rituximab maintenance therapy of lymphoma, with respect...

Anti-angiogenic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer - analysis of date from two centers

Radka Obermannová, Tomáš Büchler, Michal Štícha, Jiří Navrátil, Lenka Slamová, Jana Kaňáková, Jitka Abrahámová, Rostislav Vyzula

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):202-206  

Background: The primary endpoint of this retrospective analysis was PFS, OS and RR in the group of the patients treated with the first line chemotherapy and bevacizumab. As secondary endopoint we also analysed a treatment toxicity and selected prognostic a and predictive factors. Patients and methods: We analysed data from AVASTIN register completed with a clinical and laboratory informations. In relation with results we analysed: age,, number of metastatic sites, KRAS status and hypertension. Results: Two hundert two pts were treated with chemotherapy and bevacizumab. The median follow up was 9,7months. The median progression-free was...

Langerhans´cells histiocytosis in head and neck, a case report

Eva Tóthová, Tetyana Kulinich, Zuzana Horáková, Hana Binková

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):209-210  

Langerhans´cells histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease, in which the proliferation of Langerhans´ cells is believed to be causative, affecting mainly children. The etiology still remains unclear. The head and neck region is frequently involved, the skull being the most often diseased site, especially the temporal bone. It may affect also another organs and systems with single or multiple osseal or extraosseal lesions. LCH can be challenging to diagnose with it´s varied presentations, which may resemble another common diseases. We present a case report of an adult patient who has been treated for recurrent otorhea resistent to usual treatment.

EHNS - European Conference on Head and Neck Oncology Atény 3.-6. března 2010

Zdeněk Mechl, Zuzana Lovasová

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):211-213  

Autodidaktický test 3/2010

Onkologie. 2010:4(3):214